GEOL 113 Lab 11 Structural Geology
August 29, 2003
1. Methods of
Geologic Illustration
a.
Geologic Maps
b.
Geologic Cross Sections
2. Terms
a.
Outcrops – rock layers that are exposed at the surface.
b.
Formations – Packages of rock layers with similar characteristics
c.
Contacts – Surface between two adjacent rock layers.
d.
Symbols
3. Attitude of
Beds
a.
Strike – Compass bearing of an imaginary line formed by the intersection of a
rock layer with the
horizontal plane.
b.
Dip – divided into direction and angle – direction and angle that the bed dips
in relation to the
horizontal plane.
4. Stress and
Geologic Structures
a. Stress
i. Types
A.
Compression
B.
Tension
C.
Shear
b.
Folds
i.
Types
1.
Anticline
2.Syncline
3.
Monocline
ii. Fold Nomenclature
1.
Hinge Zone
2.
Limbs
3.
Axis
4.
Axial Plane
iii. Orientation
1.
Plunging
2.
Non-Plunging
3.
Overturned
c. Faults
i.
Types
1.
Dip-slip
A.
Normal
B.
Reverse
C.
Thrust
2.
Strike-slip
A.
Right-lateral
B.
Left-Lateral
3.
Oblique-slip
A.
Normal
B.
Reverse
ii.
Nomenclature
1.
Fault surface
2.
Fault trace
3.
Headwall/Hanging Wall
4.
Foot Wall