Tulane Physical Geology Laboratory -INSTRUCTOR: E. GONZALEZ

Last Updated October 6, 2003

TOPOGRAPHIC MAPS -OUTLINE

LABORATORY NINE –TOPOGRAPHIC MAPS AND AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHS

Laboratory Manual in Physical Geology by The American Geological Institute (AGI) and the National Association of Geoscience Teachers (NAGT); Richard M. Busch, Editor; 6th Edition, 2003.

TOPOGRAPHIC MAP

CONTOUR LINES

QUADRANGLE (15⁰ OR 7.5⁰)

LATITUDE-LONGITUDE SYSTEM

DECLINATION

MAP SYMBOLS (Figure 9.2, p. 147)

CONTOUR LINES

RULES FOR CONTOUR LINES (Figure 9.5, p.150)

Index Contours

CONTOUR INTERVAL (C.I.)

READING ELEVATIONS

BENCH MARK (B.M.)

RELIEF

GRADIENT

SCALES

RATIO OR FRACTIONAL

BAR or GRAPHIC

VERBAL

PLS -PUBLIC LAND SURVEY SYSTEM

Principal meridians and Base lines

Township and Range

Sections

GPS –GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM

Datum

UTM -UNIVERSAL TRANSVERSE MERCATOR

Zones

Easting –Northing

Datum

COMPASS BEARING

Quadrant bearing

Azimuth bearing

Magnetic and Grid North (MN and GN)

TOPOGRAPHIC PROFILES

VERTICAL EXXAGERATION

AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHS

VERTICAL

Oblique

STEREOGRAM or STEREOPAIR

STEREOSCOPE